2017年11月8日星期三

Be A Joyful Community

Philippians 4: 4-7
Rejoice in the Context of Present Difficulties
Philippians is known as a book on rejoicing because Paul wrote concerning this theme many times in the book. Joy is a very important driving force in our lives. The book of Proverbs speaks of the healing effect of joy: “A joyful heart is good medicine” (Prov 17:22). Worrying is the cause of many diseases but rejoicing brings good health and cure illnesses. What then is true happiness? Where can we acquire it?
From the following verses in Philippians, we can observe several scenarios whereby we can rejoice.
Phil 1:3-6 – Every time I think of you, I give thanks to my God. Wherever I pray, I make my requests for all of you with joy, for you have been my partners in spreading the Good News about Christ from the time you first heard it until now. And I am certain that God, who began the good work within you, will continue his work until it is finally finished on the day when Christ Jesus returns.
Whenever Paul prayed for the Philippians, he did so with a heart filled with joy, because the Philippians were, in one accord, prospering in the gospel, growing and maturing in the Lord. Being a partner to Paul, they had contributed through their practical help when Paul was in Philippi and through their financial support when he was in prison.
As we help our ministers, missionaries, and evangelists through prayer, hospitality, and financial gifts, we become partners with them in spreading the gospel message. When others think about you, what comes to their minds? Are you remembered with joy by them? Do your acts of kindness lift up others?
And Paul was also confident that God would continue his good work in them. Paul trusts that God will continue to bless and use Philippians mightily; as a result, he is filled with joy each time he prays for Philippians! Even if the church now is undergoing difficulty, God is faithful; he will never leave his church. He will continue to sustain the church. We can take comfort from God’s faithfulness.
In Phil 1:15-18, we discover a strange phenomenon. Paul knew that in Philippians, some were preaching to build their own reputation, taking advantage of his imprisonment to try to make a name for themselves. Regardless of the motives of these preachers, Paul rejoiced that the Good News was being preached.
Paul looked at it from a positive perspective, Phil 1:18 – But that doesn’t matter, whether their motives are false or genuine, the message about Christ is being preached either way, so I rejoice.
Paul had an amazingly selfless attitude. He did everything for the Lord alone and was not calculative. Some Christians serve for the wrong reasons. Yet we should be glad if God uses their effort and message, regardless of their motives.  This is a lesson that everyone who serves the Lord ought to learn. This is the secret to joyful ministry.
Besides, we are told that Paul is filled with joy whenever he sees his brothers and sisters in Christ having unity. This unity in the church comes not easy. It is achieved by congregation living a humble life, caring and respecting each other. Such a joy of seeing the church in unity is the greatest reward for any servant of the Lord.
For Phil 2:1-4, - Is there any encouragement from belonging to Christ? Any comfort from his love? Any fellowship together in the Spirit? Are your hearts tender and compassionate? Then make me truly happy by agreeing wholeheartedly with each other, loving one another, and working together with one mind and purpose. Don’t be selfish; don’t try to impress others. Be humble, thinking of others as better than ourselves. Don’t look out only for your own interests, but take an interest in others, too.
Many Christians live only to make a good impression on others or to please themselves. But selfishness brings discord. Paul therefore stressed spiritual unity, asking the Philippians to love one another and to be one in spirit and purpose.
“Is there…?” These rhetorical questions expect positive answers. When we work together, caring for the problems of others as if they were our problems, we demonstrates Christ’s example of putting others first, and we experience unity. Don’t be so concerned about making a good impression or meeting your own needs that you strain relationships in God’s family. Selfishness can ruin a church, but genuine humility can build it.
Being humble involves having a true perspective about ourselves. It does not mean that we should put ourselves down. Before God, we are sinners, saved only God’s grace, but we are saved and therefore have great worth in God’s kingdom.
We are to lay aside selfishness and threat others with respect and common courtesy. Considering others’ interests as more important than our own links us with Christ, who was a true example of humility. Jesus Christ was humble, willing to give up his rights in order to obey God and serve people. We would be overflowed with joy if we start to live in harmony and love!
Phil 2: 17-18 – But I will rejoice even if I lose my life, pouring it out like a liquid offering to God, just like your faithful service is an offering to God. And I want all of you to share that joy. Yes, you should rejoice, and I will share your joy.
Both Jews and pagans often poured out a libation of wine wither on a sacrifice or at the base of the altar in honour of the deity. Paul regarded his life as a sacrifice to God. Even if he had to die, Paul was content, knowing that he had helped the Philippians live for Christ. His faithful service for the sake of the church is a cause for rejoicing because nothing done for God is in vain.
More than that, he was also able to encourage the brothers and sisters to rejoice rather than worry for his sake. He writes, “Yes, you should rejoice, and I will share your joy.”
When you are totally committed to serving Christ, sacrificing to build the faith of others, it will bring a joyous reward.
Phil 3:1 – Whatever happens, my dear brothers and sisters, rejoice in the Lord. I never get tired of telling you these things, and I do it to safeguard our faith. Watch out for those dogs, those people who do evil, those mutilators who say you must be circumcise to be saved.
Paul warns the people to watch out for there are some “dogs” and evil people in the church who will divide the church, yet believers ought not to be affected by these matters. Instead, they should rejoice in the Lord and not losing the testimony of joy. Pay attention to the positive examples that are set before us, move closer to the goal the Lord has set for us, and wait for His return.
Phil 4:1 – Therefore, my dear brothers and sisters, stay true to the Lord. I love you and long to see you, dear friends, for you are my joy and the crown I receive for my work.
Staying true means steadfastly resisting the negative influences of temptation, false teaching or persecution. It requires perseverance when we are challenged or opposed. Don’t lose heart or give up. God promises to gives us strength of character. With the Holy Spirit’s help and with the help of fellow believers, you can stay true to the Lord.
Being able to witness the growth of the brothers and sisters and their staying true to the Lord was a source of joy and pride for Paul. I believe this is the same for every servant of the Lord. Conversely, the lack of growth or the lack of firm standing in the Lord among the brothers and sisters will bring anxiety to any of the Lord’s servants.

In the church today just like that of Philippians, there are relational problems among the people. Paul addresses this problem in Philippians and writes a few words of encouragement.
Phil 4:2-3 – Now I appeal to Euodia and Syntyche. Please, because you belong to the Lord, settle your disagreement. And I ask you, my true partner, to help these two women, for they worked hard with me in telling others the Good News. They worked along with Clement and the rest of my co-workers, whose names are written in the Book of life.
These two women had been workers for Christ in the church. Their broken relationship was no small matter, because many had become believers through their efforts. It is possible to believe in Christ, work hard for his Kingdom, and yet have broken relationships with others who are committed to the same cause. But there is no excuse for remaining un-reconciled.
Do you need to be reconciled to someone today? If you are facing a conflict you can’t resolve, don’t let the tension build into an explosion. Don’t withdraw or resort to cruel power plays. Don’t stand idly by and wait for the dispute to resolve itself. Instead, seek the help of those known for peacemaking.
We are the God’s people whose names written in the Book of life. We are destined to receive eternal. As God’s people, we are to resolve the conflict so that we could live joyfully together.
That is why Paul again exhorted us to rejoice in the Lord and start praying to God in the following verses 4-7, – Always be full of joy in the Lord. I say it again—rejoice! Let everyone see that you are considerate in all you do. Remember, the Lord is coming soon. Don’t worry about anything; instead, pray about everything. Tell God what you need and thank him for all he has done. Then you will experience God’s peace, which exceeds anything we can understand. His peace will guard your hearts and minds as you live in Christ Jesus.
It seems strange that a man in prison would be telling a church to rejoice. But Paul’s attitude teaches us an important lesson: our inner attitudes do not have to reflect our outward circumstances. Paul was full of joy because he knew that no matter what happened to him, Jesus Christ was with him.
Several times in this letter Paul urged the Philippians to be joyful, probably because they needed to hear this. It’s easy to get discouraged about unpleasant circumstances or to take unimportant events too seriously. If you haven’t been joyful lately, you may not be looking at life from the right perspective.
Ultimate joy comes from Christ dwelling within us. Christ is near, and at his second coming we will fully realize this ultimate joy. He who lives within us will fulfil his final purposes for us.
We are to be considerate (reasonable, fair minded, and charitable) to others. This means we are not to seek revenge against those who treat us unfairly, nor are we to be overly vocal about our personal rights.
Imagine never worrying about anything! It seems like impossibility; we all have worries on the job, in our homes, at school. But Paul’s advice is to turn our worries in to prayers. Do you want to worry less? Then pray more! Whenever you start to worry, stop and pray.
God’s peace is different from the world’s peace. True peace is not found in positive thinking, in absence of conflict, or in good feelings. It comes from knowing that God is in control. Our citizenship in Christ’ Kingdom is sure, our destiny is set, and we can have victory over sin. Let God’s peace guard your heart against anxiety.
Conclusion
From the passages above, we can observe that Paul’s joy was not affected by the unfavourable circumstances around him. He wrote the epistle to the Philippians while in prison and facing the enemies attacks. He saw that there were false teachers and human conflict in Philippians.
It is clear that Paul was able to face every challenge with a joyful heart. Such a transcendent joy was due to his firm belief in the Lord who had called him, and also due to the partnership and fellowship with brothers and sisters in church for doing God’s ministries. He also firmly believed that God will finish His good works in the Church for God is sovereign over everything and that everything is under God’s control. Paul also instructed the congregation to live in harmony and love so that joy would overflow them.  

While we were still sinners and enemies of God, He prepared salvation for us. God has caused us to be in His beloved Son. He has forgiven us of our past transgressions so that we may be reconciled to Him and become people of the new creation. We are now God’s children. Our futures are guaranteed by Christ despite present difficulties. We stand on firm foundation. God has given us His Holy Spirit to live in us and to guide us. God has given us the hope of eternal life. We cannot but rejoice as a community faith! We rejoice. We always rejoice. Let’s be always thankful.

2017年10月20日星期五

尼罗河之春

出埃及记二1-10

摩西的诞生

创世记十二1-3,耶和华应许亚伯拉罕说:『你要离开本地、本族、父家,到我指示你的地方去。我必使你成为大国,赐福给你,使你的名为大,你也必使别人得福,给你祝福的,我必赐福给他;咒诅你的,我必咒诅他;地上万族都必因你得福。』

创世记结束的时候,记载雅各连同家人,一共70人下到埃及。他们在埃及与约瑟会面之后,就定居在那里。神祝福希伯来人生养众多,人口极其繁盛。这是神给亚伯拉罕的应许,叫他的后裔繁多。至此,这个应许终于实现了。

然而,400年了,几代人过去了,一个不认识约瑟的法老王当位。这位埃及王感到很不安,恐怕遇上战争时候,以色列人与仇敌联合起来对付埃及人。法老王就要控制以色列人的生育,命令他们做苦工,甚至叫接生妇把刚出生的男婴处死。法老的这两个毒计都不得逞,最后他下令以色列家庭把刚出生的男孩投入河里淹死,女孩却可以活着(一22)。

神曾经应许以色列人后裔繁多,并且成为大国。法老下令把以色列男婴投入河杀掉,这是抹杀以色列的生存,也是违反神的创造,叫神的应许受大威胁。神如何出手拯救以色列人呢?

有一个利未人的家庭,父亲叫暗兰,母亲叫约基别,大儿子叫亚伦,大姐姐叫米利暗。母亲又怀孕了,把孩子生下来,发现是男孩,顿时愁云密布!母亲见孩子俊美,不忍心杀死自己的骨肉。

『见他俊美』原文也可译作『见他是好的』,最早出现在创世记一4:『神看光是好的』。母亲决意凭信心参与这项『好』的神的创造计划,即使是违抗法老的命令。

母亲把孩子藏在家里,但三个月后,孩子的嗓音越来越大,实在藏不住了。她想不出有何安全的处理方法,最后唯有放手,让河水来决定婴孩的生死。她用蒲草做了一个箱子,抹上石漆和沥青以防水,然后把婴孩摩西放在里面。她把箱子放在尼罗河边的芦苇草丛中。

婴孩在蒲草箱内,漂流在水面上也是冒险的。水流可能把蒲草箱冲入大海中,或者埃及人发现箱子内的婴孩,会奉法老的命令把孩子丢入尼罗河中溺毙。然而,约基别放手,交托在神的手中。

创世记叙述神的灵运行在空虚混沌的水面上,就创造出世界万物。原文『箱子』也与挪亚洪水的『方舟』同一个字。神把挪亚一家人放在方舟内,不至于遭受洪水毁灭。大风吹过,洪水退去,接着开启了再创造。摩西在箱子里,漂流在尼罗河也必不遭害,将会成就神创造圣民以色列之工。

这时候摩西的姐姐米利暗,远远地站着。她定睛看着篮子流向何方,想知道孩子究竟怎样了。她没有把孩子弃之不顾。她不敢靠近,但不肯远离。很可能是母亲差她来守望的。

那时法老的女儿下到河边去洗澡,发现了芦苇中的箱子就打发侍女去把箱子拿过来。神使用人的好奇心来行大事。公主亲手打开箱子,看见孩子。孩子哭了,触动了女人的母性。公主就怜悯他说:『这是希伯来人的一个孩子。』(二6

米利暗看见了,立刻跑过去,很机智精巧的对公主说:『我为你找一位希伯来的奶妈来乳养婴孩,可以吗?』

母性的怜悯心是普世性的,跨越了民族之间,权力与平民之间的藩篱。公主欣然接受米利暗的建议。孩子的母亲就来抱了孩子去乳养,因此摩西的生母变成他的奶妈。公主还答应给约基别乳养孩子的工钱。公主应该是知道整件事的来龙去脉,却装作懵懂,因为她怜悯孩子的性命。

约基别的信心、米利暗的勇敢和机智、加上法老女儿的怜悯心,展开女性抵抗暴政的运动,目的是保存一位以色列男婴的性命。幼年的摩西从他的生母兼奶妈的身上,获得心灵和品格的熏陶,认识以色列民的苦难,进而萌生色列民族身份认同感。

断奶后,约基别把摩西交还给法老的女儿。摩西作了她的儿子,她给孩子起名叫摩西,因为『我把他从水里拉出来』。

摩西在宫廷长大,接受上乘的教育和训练,包括写作、军事作战和行政管理。对于摩西,王宫的荣华富贵是一种试探,他可以选择一生人做埃及王子。然而,他胜过了试探。他在四十岁时毅然放弃王子的地位,出走到希伯来族人那里,与他们站在同一阵线,成为他们的救赎者,将他们『从水里拉出来』。摩西在王宫里的装备,对他日后带领族人出埃及很有帮助。

的奇妙作为突破撒旦的网罗

摩西的婴孩叙事Infant Narrative,呈现很多反讽元素:

约基别服从王权把婴孩仍去尼罗河,这河反而成了婴孩获救的载体。法老灭绝以色列的男丁,存留女的,不料神使用女子们反抗暴君的压迫,出手拯救一位脆弱的男婴,而这男婴日后起来终结法老的暴政。

法老自己的女儿拯救摩西,并且接她进王宫成长,接受装备。埃及公主听从以色列女子的话,把婴孩交回给他的生母乳养,还付薪酬给她。

作者透过上述的种种反讽,强调神创造作为的奇妙。无论形势如何的恶劣,胜利永远是属于神和他的选民。今天我们身处什么险境呢?信靠神,靠着基督,我们是有指望的!

神冒险使用软弱的人

神还使用三位柔弱女子,作出公民抗议,抵挡法老王的暴政,拯救一个脆弱的婴孩。当中一个女子还不是以色列人。这个饱经患难,脆弱的婴孩在日后成就神的救赎计划,带领以色列人出埃及。神使用那些软弱的来叫刚强的人蒙羞(耶利米九23;歌林多前一26-29)。

神战胜毁灭性的尼罗河水,创造了一位民族救赎者。摩西成年后,将会举起杖,叫红海之水分开,叫以色列人走过,离开埃及奴役之地。摩西从尼罗河上得新生,预表以色列人日后从红海之水中出来得新生,从奴役中被救赎,成为神的立约子民。神首先创造了拯救者摩西,以致日后可以施行救赎!

摩西也预表耶稣基督。耶稣也是生于敬虔的家庭、孩提时遭受外邦君王的追杀、得着奇妙的拯救。耶稣自我降卑成人子,以致日后成就十字架的救赎,使世人从罪恶中得释放,得着新生命。摩西与耶稣不同之处是,耶稣是圣灵感孕童女所生,道成了肉身的圣子。耶稣是背负世人的罪,牺牲自己的性命,代替罪人死了,好叫罪人得赦免,得永生。

结论:

在危机四伏、邪恶当道、极权压迫的绝望境况中,我们仍然有指望。在神没有难成的事。我们也许所能做的不多,但只要我们在自己可能的范围内去努力,神也可以使用的。

神的作为往往是冒险性和隐晦的。他不亲自出手,却是选召软弱的人,甚至异教的,非信徒的埃及公主去作工。我们当学习适当时候放手一搏,单单依靠神。我们很多时候计划的太多,为自己想的太多,仿佛在自己的时间表中,容不下神的作为,认为让神参与是危险的。

当我们放手一搏时,是以信心表明这个世界还有神,他在住宰历史河流的去向。在铺天盖地的邪恶追杀下,神仍然掌管明天。我们将会惊讶发现神预备了救恩,竟然在软弱无助的婴孩里彰显。神使用人的无助,成就神的救恩作为!

应用:

我们今天可能面对艰难的时刻,必须作出抉择,但无法确保一定成功。神是大过任何难阻,任何的问题,我们只管顺服神的旨意去付诸行动。当我们实行神的美意,投身作圣工,谁能够抵挡神的创造呢?

神今天选召你和我,一群软弱的,不配的人出来作工。神相信你,愿意冒这个险,但你相信神吗?你敢挺身而出冒险吗?

我们一起来,在我们的事业、家庭、教会、社会群体中进行创造!神有一双隐形的手在后面帮助我们,叫新的社会秩序产生、福音事工成就、以及新的领袖诞生;叫苦痛转为喜乐,流泪转为欢笑;叫生命得以突破障碍,教会焕然一新,腐败的政权被拉下台……

2017年10月2日星期一

我和春天的约会

雅歌二8-16
为爱走出去
8-9节的经文出现听啊!看哪!”(Behold),是要求我们从女主角的视角观看。
女子说:『这是我良人的声音,他蹿山越岭而来。』
女子很惊喜,因为她心爱的男子排除万难,长途跋涉来到她身边。
女子说,我的良人像羚羊,像小鹿。这是指男子的脚步很轻快。女子很兴奋地听见爱人要来的声音。男子也兴奋地奔向她。
男子到了女子的家门,并没有进门,而是站在女子家的墙後。他从窗口观看,探视窗内的她。女子深切关注爱人的一举一动。
户外代表自由、探险、新经历,而室内代表安全,活在社会期望的界限内。墙壁和窗户分隔室外和室内。显然,女子面对一些阻碍、顾忌或难处。她是否会冲破障碍跟他同去?
10-14节是女子转述男子对她说过的话。
他对我说过:『我的佳偶啊!你起来吧。我的佳丽啊!你来吧。冬天已过去了,雨水止息了。现在地上百花齐放,百鸟齐鸣的时候已经来到;斑鸠的声音在我们境内也听见了。无花果树的果子渐渐成熟,葡萄树开花发香。我的佳偶啊!你起来吧。我的佳丽啊!你来吧。』
这是一首春天之歌』。无论视觉、听觉、触觉和嗅觉,都洋溢着爱与生命,人与自然界的融合。
男子一而再发出邀请,邀请女子从室内出来,与他去到户外的大自然。“出来”表示从自我的空间出去看神所造的的世界。男与女的爱,不应该是两个人封闭的关系,而是与世界连接,在这个上帝创造的世界找到自己的位置。
从室内出来”也表示全心全意与心爱的人联合。恋爱中的男女和已婚夫妻应该找机会接触神创造的大自然或世界,去享受伴侣之间,伴侣与造物主上帝的亲密关系。
男子用隐喻称呼女子,我的鸽子啊!。在古代近东文化,鸽子象征『爱的女神』。
男子要找到这位『女神』,并不容易,因为她处于岩石的穴中,在悬崖石的隐密处。纵然是这样,男子千辛万苦也要求:『让我看看你的容貌;让我听听你的声音;因为你的声音甜美,你的容貌秀丽。』
男子很渴慕看见佳偶的面貌和听觉她的声音。
15节,女子说:『要为我们捉拿狐狸,就是毁坏葡萄园的小狐狸,因为我们的葡萄园正在开花。』
女子与爱人的爱情正要开花结果,突然跑出一些破坏爱情的小狐狸。他们可能是旁人的闲言闲语或第三者的介入,妨碍这对恋人相见和相爱。女子高呼:『一定要捉拿狐狸,保护爱情!』
我们这里在座的每个人,也有责任去捉拿破坏爱情,摧毁婚姻的狐狸精!
16节,女子说出托付终身的宣言:『我的良人属我,我也属他,他在百合花中细赏。』
这简短的宣言深藏着两情相悦相属的委身,以及享受亲密时光的愉悦。
创世记2章告诉我们,上帝造亚当时就说那人独居不好,我要为他造一个配偶帮助他。亚当为动物逐一命名时,没有遇见配偶帮助他。上帝就使亚当沉睡,然后从亚当身上取出一根肋骨,又在原处把肉合起来。上帝用那根肋骨造了一个女人,带她到亚当的面前。
亚当看到女人就惊叹说,『终于找到了!这是从我骨中的骨出来,从我肉中的肉出来的。他要叫女人。』
亚当这个赞叹,与《雅歌》女子说的我的良人属我,我也属他,互相对应。从《雅歌》到伊甸园的男女关系,都在强调爱情的互相委身,心灵契合,而带来幸福与丰盛的生命。
结论
《雅歌二8-16》是一首强调爱情的力量的『寻觅之歌』。这里描绘男女彼此寻觅,渴望寻见对方,寻到对方之后,产生彼此互属的幸福感和愉悦。
第一、我们看见『寻觅之歌』的背景是春色宜人,加上男女两情相悦相属的亲密,把我们带回起初的伊甸园。
在伊甸园,上帝把亚当与夏娃撮合,设立婚姻的制度。上帝宣告说:『男人要离开父母,与妻子连合,二人成为一体。』(创二24
当时夫妻俩人是赤裸的,并不觉得羞耻(25节)。这是肉体与情感上的联系,乃是上帝创造最亲密的夫妻关系。这关系是彼此开放、互相信任。两人之间,没有任何阻碍和防备的心。
愿上帝赐福我们的婚姻,帮助夫妻之间,永远维持这种两情相悦相属,毫无间隔的亲密关系。这样的婚姻是美满和丰盛的。
第二、『寻觅之歌』强调男方邀请女方一起到户外的大自然去。如果『室内』象征自我世界,『室外』象征自我以外的世界。女子要从自我走出去才能经历自我以外的空间。爱情要从自我走出去,要有冒险精神,要有勇气面对不确定的将来,也要舍弃自我。
当我们爱一个人,便要走出自我的世界,了解对方的世界,学习从对方的角度来看世界。今天,无论是在恋爱中或婚姻中,我们要常常从自我走出去,与所爱的人一同探索和经历生命的奥妙。
圣经约翰福音三16说:“上帝爱世人,甚至将祂的独生子赐给他们,叫一切信祂的,不至灭亡,反得永生。”
上帝爱世人。他差遣他的独生子去拯救这个沉沦的世界。圣子听从这爱的呼唤,就毅然从自我走出去,成了肉身,降生在这世界,名为耶稣。耶稣与这世界的人群认同。他在世间生活了三十三年,一生宣扬神的恩典与真理。为了拯救人类与全世界,他最后死在十字架上,流血牺牲。祂的宝血,能洗净人类的罪过。祂的牺牲,换来了人类的罪得到了赦免。耶稣死了,三天后复活。他应许给相信他的人得永生。
耶稣蹿山越岭来寻找我们,邀请我们从自我走出去,与他一同经历丰盛的生命。他说:『我来了,是要叫羊得生命,并且得的更丰盛。』(约十10)。
我们是否愿意接受耶稣的邀请,从“自我”走出去?
希望在座的亲戚朋友,好像我们这里许多基督徒那样,敞开我们的心,接受耶稣作为我们的救主。耶稣就赦免我们的罪,并且带领我们人生走进丰盛和有意义的旅程!

最后,我们祝福这一对新人。他们今天在神面前订下婚约,彼此长相厮守。这是一场从自己走出去的冒险之旅,也是蒙福的信心旅程。愿主耶稣成为他们的导航者,带领他们:一、走进甜蜜的夫妻关系;二、组织敬畏上帝的家庭;三、夫妻拍档去服侍这世界的需要。

2017年9月21日星期四

钱财与生命的关系

传道书五10-20

传道者论财富

基督徒并不仇富或高举过贫穷的生活。《旧约圣经》甚至看财富是一种蒙福的象征。追求钱财与事业的人生,是一种很正常的人生。我们都花很多时间在工作上,而殷勤工作,更是一种美德。我们作工赚钱,就会拥有钱财和事业。

圣经让我们看到钱财的好处。设宴是为欢笑,酒能使人生快活,金钱能解决万事。(传十:19

金钱能解决很多问题:送孩子到外国著名学府读书,很昂贵,有钱能解决;人病重,要去最好的医院,看最好的医生,吃最好的药,都需要钱。钱财可让我们做很多事,给我们很多方便。传道书说金钱能解决万事,并不是拜金主义,而是一件实在的事。钱财也能够提高我们生活的素质,可以住更好的房子,可以拥有房车代步。富翁的财物是他的坚城。(箴十:15

可见金钱能够使人的生活更有保障。钱财也会提高人的尊严和价值,有了钱财,朋友也会多些。

然而,一个人对财富的态度,决定他们是否真正体验到财富所带来的好处。传道者在《传道书五10-20》教导我们,如何在充满变数的生活中,去享用财富的智慧。

解经和应用:

10-12节提到三种理财的态度,扭曲了财富的真正价值。

10节说:『喜爱银子的,不因得银子满足;喜爱财富的,也不因得利益知足。这也是虚空。』

虚空在传道书的意思是:不能长远掌握,很快就流失掉,对自己没有真正的益处。

人喜爱金钱或财富,视钱财为人生的目的,但不知道几时才知足。这种贪爱钱财,使一个人永远不满足。人终日劳碌奔波,思想如何赚取更多。可是,要拥有多少金钱,人才算足够而停止追求呢?人心不满足的态度,令传道者感叹虚空。

11节说;『货物增添,吃的人也增添,物主得什么益处呢?不过眼看而已!』

人的消费,跟着财富的加添而增加,人因此得不到财富的真正好处。在传道者看来,人赚的钱越多,花费也越大,变成生活豪华、甚至奢侈与浪费。这样的消费和感官享受不持久,其实没有益处,因此是虚空。

你有钱了,就多人来敲你的门;和朋友上餐馆吃饭,叫来满桌丰富的食物,然后众人都指望你付钱。许多人因你的钱财跟你交朋友,许多人因你的钱财想从你身上得好处,那些朋友都不是你真正的朋友,因此是虚空。

12节说:『劳碌的人不拘吃多吃少,睡得香甜;富人的丰足却不容他睡觉。』

生活比较简单的人,以劳碌得以糊口。他无论吃多吃少,会睡得香甜。相反,富人的生活丰盛,生活也随之复杂。要维持和扩展财富所面对的风险和思虑,叫他无法安睡。

人有钱就会去投资,期望赚得更多钱。可是投资不是永远赚钱的,是有可能亏掉一切的,所以投资的人常有烦恼和压力。如果你买了很多股票,每早晨起来第一件事,不会是拿起圣经灵修,而是去看看股价;钱掉了一点,心下沉一点,压力随之而来,因为用了太多钱去投资了!如果你没有什么钱财去投资,早上起来,就可以专心读圣经。人愈有钱,愈难清心,因有许多压力和烦恼。

13-17节提醒我们,坐拥丰厚财富的人,可能会遭遇不幸。

13节:『我见日光之下有一件令人忧伤的祸患,就是财主积存财富,反害自己。』

14节:『他因遭遇不幸,财产尽失;他生了儿子,手里却一无所有。』

15节:『他怎样从母胎赤身而来,也不照样赤身而去;他所劳碌得来的,手中分毫不能带去。』

16节:『这是一件令人忧伤的祸患。他来的时候怎样,去的时候也比怎样。他为风劳碌有什么益处呢?』

富有的人不一定都能够享受到财富的美善,因为生活里有祸患或不幸的可能。祸患发生,使到他一无所有。然而,他还有孩子有待抚养,因此面对怎么活下去的生存问题。传道者说他反害了自己

在南非的华人,他们的住屋外面有自动开关的铁闸大门,大门连着围墙,墙上有铁丝网;进到庭院,内有恶犬;进到屋内,房间内每个人都有枪!因为南非黑人认为华人有钱,专门伺机向华人抢劫,甚至杀害;所以住所设有自动开关的铁门,都有恶犬,人人有枪。当国家社会发生动乱的时候,财富往往是最大的祸殃,使财主遭灾。所以说,财主反受财物之害。

人劳碌得来的财富,如果生前不懂得享受,分毫不能带走。因为人死去和人出生的时候一样,赤身来去。不同的是,人出生的时候双手握紧拳头(开始掌握与争取),人死时手掌却放松(什么都带不走)。

这说明,人今日累积的财富,明日不知能否活着享用。财富,生不带来,死不带去。富人面对这些祸患,那又有什么益处呢?

17节:『并且他终身在黑暗中吃喝,多有烦恼、病痛和怒气。』

这里提到一个人在黑暗吃喝的可怜光景。他被孤独、愁烦和苦毒占据。他在应该享受的时候不享受,时日已过的时候却无能力享受人生,或因已经衰老,或因病失去胃口,或已经死亡。

18-20节,传道者用看哪!,回应之前的问题:有什么益处?他切换语气,强调人是可以享受财富的美善。

18节:『看哪,我所见为善为美的,就是人在上帝赐他一生的日子吃喝,享受日光之下劳碌得来的好处,因为这是他应得的报偿。』

19节:『而且,一个人蒙上帝赏赐财富与资产,又使他能享用,能获取自己当有的报偿,在他的劳碌中喜乐,这是上帝的赏赐。』

20节:『他不多思念自己一生的日子,因为上帝使他的心充满喜乐。』

在这里,传道者把上帝引进他的论述里,强调上帝是赐予者。上帝是一生年日的赐予者(18节)。上帝是财富和资产的赏赐者(19节)。上帝使人在劳碌中享受自己的份(19节)。也就是说,人在自己的劳碌中享有财富与资产的好处,并从中得到喜乐,是上帝的赏赐。上帝是喜乐日子的赏赐者(20节)。

上帝赐财富与资产,使人得以吃用。上帝赐给人活着的年日,也使人有能力吃用。人得以在劳碌中享受吃喝和喜乐,也是来自上帝的赐予。可见,上帝并非要人守住财富,而是要善用财富。在自己应得的报偿中吃喝,劳碌,生活,和享受薪金回报,能够给我们带来喜乐。

这也就是说,除了一日三餐温饱,有时候跟家人或朋友吃山珍海味,使心里舒畅,并无不对。或者,工作的来的佣金和花红,用一些来设宴请客,或往喜欢参观的国家旅游,也无可厚非。又或者,生活中经常在工作之余,花一些钱进行喜欢的活动娱乐休闲、运动健身、瘦身美容,也是可以接受的。

传道者不是在提倡纵欲的生活方式。他是在建议一个负责任的生活方式。我们的确要为自己的生活负责,包括工作与休息的平衡,付出与得着的平衡,劳碌与健康的平衡等等。总而言之,不要做守财奴,反要做财富的好管家。我们不在乎拥有多少,而是把所拥有的加以管理和发挥用途。

上帝若赋予人工作的能力,也给人年日和健康去享受从中而获的报偿,人何必亏待自己呢?上帝要给我们生活有喜乐,使劳碌的日子有陶冶心情和滋润生命的作用。我们必须需要学习享受神所赐的生活福分,懂得运用财富活在当下的真理。这是一种敬畏上帝的活着。

结论:

传道者认为人需要有一个正确的财富观念,就是当知道:第一、当知道财富是上帝的赐予。第二、自己必须先劳碌,才有享受财富的乐趣。第三、财富是一个人随劳碌之后所得的,是自己应得的报偿。人必须善用,不要做守财奴。第四、人对财富的心态,应该是心存喜乐,而不是心存不足。

总而言之,财富的衡量不在多或少,而在于是否能享用。神赐一些人丰厚的财富,这些人无需处心积虑如何累积更多,或贪恋别人的财富,反而应该在当下的日子,恰当享用自己所得。这样,一生的年日才有真正的喜乐。

来到新约,主耶稣说:人就是赚得全世界,却赔上自己的生命,有什么好处呢?(可八36

人若以累积钱财和追求事业成功为一生的目标,他赔上的,不单是永恒的生命,更是赔上了今生生命的价值;不单在永恒里不得救,在今生也没有真正的喜乐和满足。惟有在主里面,才能得着真正的喜乐和满足,才能拥有丰盛的生命。

腓立比书劝勉我们:你们要靠着主常常喜乐(腓四:4)。靠着主常常喜乐,原文的意思是在主里常常喜乐,就是说,在主以外,没法喜乐满足;在主以外,没法得到丰盛的生命。

或是努力工作,或是努力赚钱,我们都要为主而活。我们要按照主的心意而活,善用和享受神所赐给我们的份,包括把当纳的奉献给神。让主在我们的钱财上作主,这样,我们的生命就会变得更丰盛,因为我们是上帝忠心的仆人,在他的永恒国度里有份。